Ensure to create a calm environment for the mother in her nesting area. This space should be quiet and free from disturbances, allowing her to feel secure as she prepares for the arrival of her puppies. Use clean bedding to provide comfort and warmth, which is essential for both her and the newborns.
Monitor her closely for signs of labour, such as nesting behaviour or restlessness. When she begins to exhibit these signs, it’s time to remain nearby, ready to provide assistance if necessary. Keep a close eye on her physical condition and be prepared to step in should any complications arise.
Have essential supplies on hand, including clean towels, a heating pad, and a pair of scissors for cutting umbilical cords if needed. It’s wise to familiarise yourself with the whelping process beforehand, as this knowledge can prove invaluable during those critical moments.
After each puppy is born, ensure that it is breathing and nursing properly. If any of the pups appear to be struggling, gently stimulate them to encourage breathing. Your attentive care during this time can make all the difference in ensuring a smooth and successful experience for the mother and her litter.
Preparing the Whelping Area
Set up a quiet, clean space for the mother to feel safe and comfortable. Use a whelping box lined with clean towels to provide a soft surface. Ensure it’s away from noise and disturbances. A temperature-controlled environment is crucial; keep it warm but not overheated. This area should be ready a few weeks before the expected arrival.
Monitoring Progress
Observe closely for signs of labour, such as restlessness or nesting behaviour. Timing contractions can help gauge progress. Each contraction typically lasts 30 seconds to 2 minutes, followed by a resting period. If there’s prolonged straining without a puppy appearing, consult a vet.
Post-Delivery Care
Once the first puppy arrives, ensure it starts breathing by gently rubbing it with a towel. Help the mother clean each pup, but step in if she seems overwhelmed. Check that each one is nursing properly; they should latch on within the first hour to get colostrum. Keep an eye on the mother’s health; any excessive bleeding requires veterinary attention.
Preparing a Safe Whelping Area
Choose a quiet, clean space for the whelping area, away from distractions. This ensures that your pet feels secure during the process. Use a large box or a whelping pen lined with clean bedding, allowing enough room for the mother and her puppies. Here’s how to set it up:
- Line the box with absorbent materials, ensuring it’s easy to clean.
- Maintain a comfortable temperature; ideally, 22-24°C (72-75°F) is perfect.
- Provide privacy by using blankets or curtains around the area.
- Keep essential supplies nearby, such as clean towels, scissors, and a heating pad if needed.
Cleaning Supplies
Have cleaning tools on hand to maintain hygiene. A best blackhead scrubber can be useful for scrubbing surfaces. Keep disinfectant wipes handy for quick clean-ups.
Monitoring and Comfort
Check on her regularly but avoid hovering. Ensure she has access to fresh water and food. A comfortable environment will help her focus on the new arrivals.
Identifying Signs of Labour
Watch for nesting behaviour. A pregnant canine may start seeking out quiet, secluded areas to create a comfortable space. This is a clear indication that she is preparing for the arrival of her puppies.
Observe changes in appetite. As the time approaches, there may be a noticeable decrease in food intake. She might refuse meals or graze sporadically, signalling that labour is imminent.
Monitor her temperature. A drop in body temperature to around 37.5°C (99.5°F) typically occurs 24 hours before labour begins. Keep a thermometer handy to track this change.
Look out for restlessness. A soon-to-be mother may pace, dig, or change her position frequently. This behaviour reflects her discomfort and anticipation of the process ahead.
Keep an eye on her behaviour with you and others. Increased affection or the opposite–a desire for solitude–can indicate she’s entering the labour phase. She may seek comfort from you or withdraw to prepare herself.
Watch for contractions. Initially, these may appear as mild abdominal tightening. As labour progresses, they will become more pronounced and frequent. Timing these can help you gauge how far along she is.
Notice any discharge. A clear or slightly bloody fluid may be released as the cervix begins to open. This is a normal sign that the process is underway.
Monitoring the Whelping Process
Stay close to your pet during this critical period. Keep a watchful eye on her behaviour and physical changes. Signs of progress include nesting, restlessness, or panting. If she seems agitated or uncomfortable, reassure her with gentle strokes. Providing a calm atmosphere can help her relax.
Timing Contractions
Watch for contractions, which usually start as mild and become more intense. Use a timer to track the duration and frequency of these contractions. Each contraction typically lasts around 30 to 60 seconds, with breaks of approximately 15 to 30 minutes in between. If the intervals become too long or irregular, consult a veterinarian.
Monitoring Temperature
A drop in body temperature can indicate impending labour. Measure her temperature daily in the last week of gestation. A temperature below 37.5°C (99.5°F) is a sign that she may go into labour within 24 hours. This information can help you prepare further and ensure she has the support she needs.
During this time, it’s also wise to have high-quality food on hand, like the best salmon flavoured dog food, to keep her energy levels up. Monitor her eating habits, as she might lose interest in food as labour approaches.
Caring for Newborn Puppies
Ensure the whelping area remains warm and dry, as newborns cannot regulate their body temperature effectively. Use heating pads or warm blankets to create a comfortable environment, but avoid direct contact to prevent overheating. Maintain a consistent temperature between 22°C to 26°C (72°F to 78°F).
Feeding and Nutrition
If the mother is unable to nurse, prepare to provide a high-quality puppy milk replacer. Feed every two hours for the first week, then gradually increase the intervals as they grow. Use a syringe or bottle designed for puppies to ensure they receive adequate nutrition. Monitor their weight daily to ensure proper growth, aiming for a weight gain of about 10% per day.
Health Monitoring
Observe each puppy for any signs of distress or health issues. Look for clear eyes, a round belly, and active movement. If you notice any abnormalities like lethargy, difficulty breathing, or a failure to gain weight, consult a veterinarian immediately. Regularly check for proper elimination; newborns should urinate and defecate frequently, often stimulated by the mother’s licking.
| Care Task | Frequency |
|---|---|
| Temperature Check | Every 2-3 hours |
| Feeding | Every 2 hours (first week) |
| Weight Monitoring | Daily |
| Health Check | Every 4-6 hours |
Provide a clean area by regularly replacing bedding and cleaning any mess. Keeping the environment hygienic helps reduce the risk of infections. Lastly, handle the puppies gently and limit interaction to what is necessary during the first few weeks to help them bond with their mother.
Recognising Complications During Whelping
Watch for extended periods of hard labour exceeding two hours without a puppy arriving. This signals a potential issue. If a puppy is visible but not making progress after 30 minutes, seek veterinary assistance immediately.
Be alert for any signs of distress in the mother, such as excessive panting, crying, or aggressive behaviour. These behaviours can indicate pain or anxiety, and intervention may be necessary.
Monitor for the presence of green or foul-smelling discharge. This can suggest placental separation or infection, which requires urgent veterinary care.
If you notice the whelping female becoming lethargic or unresponsive between contractions, it might indicate exhaustion or complications that require professional attention.
Pay attention to the number of puppies being born. If the total number is less than expected based on prior veterinary scans, or if the interval between births exceeds two hours, consult a vet.
Be cautious if there are signs of retained placentas. If the mother continues to exhibit signs of labour without delivering all pups, or if she shows signs of being unwell after the last puppy is born, contact your veterinary professional.
Keep an eye on the newborns as well; if any appear weak, aren’t nursing properly, or seem unresponsive, they may need immediate attention.
